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Major General Johnson Thomas Umunnakwe Aguiyi-Ironsi was the first indigenous (Nigerian) General Officer Commanding (GOC) of the Nigerian Army, appointed in February 1965, before becoming Head of State in January 1966.

The Ghana, Mali, and Songhai Empires were powerful and extensive empires that arose in the Sahel region of West Africa, which is historically referred to as the Western Sudanic belt or Western Sudanese Empires. They were located south of the Sahara Desert and played a crucial role in the trans-Saharan trade.

While Benjamin Adekunle (D) was the first commander of the 3rd Marine Commando Division, Olusegun Obasanjo took over command from him in 1969 and led the division until the end of the Nigerian Civil War in 1970.

The symbol for the Second World Black and African Festival of Arts and Culture (FESTAC '77), held in Lagos, Nigeria, was the replica of an ancient terracotta head from the Nok culture.

The atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945 by the United States, under the order of President Harry S. Truman. None of the listed options (Joseph Stalin, President Obama, General De Gaulle) are correct.

The British, under Lord Lugard, formally conquered the Sokoto Caliphate in 1903 during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Attahiru I. He was killed resisting the British forces at Burmi.

The first military coup in January 1966, led by Major Chukwuma Kaduna Nzeogwu, was successful in the Northern and Western regions, where regional premiers were killed. However, it failed woefully in the Northern Region in terms of achieving its objectives to install a new government and prevent a counter-coup, as the Northern officers quickly organized to suppress it and eventually carried out their own counter-coup. Some sources might argue it was successful in eliminating political leadership across regions, but its ultimate political objective failed in the North, leading to its overall failure. However, a more direct interpretation is that it did not achieve its desired effect in the Northern Region.

The Trans-Saharan Trade played a crucial role in the spread of Islam into West Africa, including parts of what is now Nigeria (especially the northern regions), beginning centuries before the arrival of Europeans.

The Nigerian Civil War, also known as the Biafran War, lasted from July 6, 1967, to January 15, 1970, which is approximately 30 months.

The Human Rights Violations Investigation Commission, commonly known as the Justice Oputa Panel, was set up by President Olusegun Obasanjo in 1999 to investigate past human rights abuses in Nigeria.

In May 1966, Major General J.T.U. Aguiyi-Ironsi, as the Head of State, issued Decree No. 34, which abolished the federal system and established a unitary system of government in Nigeria. This decree was met with significant opposition and contributed to the counter-coup of July 1966.

Chief Samuel Ladoke Akintola, who was the Premier of the Western Region, was killed during the January 1966 military coup.

The Kanem-Bornu Empire (or Kanem-Borno) was one of the longest-lasting empires in African history, existing for over a thousand years (from around the 9th century to the late 19th century) in the region of Lake Chad, which is often considered part of the broader Western Sudanic region. While Ghana (A) and Mali also lasted for centuries, Kanem-Bornu's longevity is particularly notable. The Sokoto Caliphate (B) was much younger.

Among the options, Kano (in northern Nigeria) was a major terminal for the western Trans-Saharan trade routes, and Maiduguri (near Lake Chad) was a significant hub for the eastern routes, particularly for the Kanem-Bornu Empire. Lagos (B) was a coastal city more involved in the Atlantic trade.

The Nigerian Regiment of the Royal West African Frontier Force (RWAFF) played a significant role in the Second World War, particularly in the Burma Campaign against the Japanese forces.

Globalization refers to the increasing interconnections and interdependence of countries and people worldwide. This process often involves the erosion or "breakdown" of traditional national boundaries in terms of trade, communication, culture, and governance, as interactions transcend physical borders.

The Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP), founded by Herbert Macaulay in 1923, is generally considered the first prominent political party established by Nigerians with significant political activity.

At independence in 1960, Nigeria adopted a parliamentary system of government, with a Prime Minister as head of government and the Queen of England (represented by a Governor-General) as head of state. The presidential system was introduced later in 1979.

The Nok culture is an ancient civilization that flourished in what is now Nigeria, particularly in the central part of the country. It is famous for its terracotta sculptures.

The British established their colonial administration in Nigeria through a combination of methods. While they initially used diplomacy (signing treaties, often under duress) and trade, they ultimately relied heavily on coercion and military force to overcome resistance and fully impose their rule.