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Totalitarianism is a form of government that seeks to control virtually all aspects of public and private life. This is characterized by an excessive centralization of power in the hands of a single dictator or a small ruling elite, with minimal individual freedom and widespread state control.

The Igbo political system was a classic example of a decentralized, acephalous society. Unlike the centralized systems of the Yoruba and Hausa, the Igbo political structure was based on lineages, age-grades, and other autonomous social units, with no single, overarching ruler.

One of the significant problems of the civil service in Nigeria is its politicization and issues of corruption. The erosion of neutrality and professionalism due to political interference and corrupt practices has often hindered its effectiveness.

Pressure groups (also known as interest groups) are organizations that seek to influence government policies and decisions without actually seeking to hold political power themselves (unlike political parties). They represent specific interests and advocate for their causes.

An independent electoral commission is a crucial ingredient for a free and fair election. Its independence ensures that the electoral process is conducted without bias and that the results are credible and widely accepted.

The French policy of assimilation aimed to turn the colonized people into French citizens by having them adopt French language, culture, and laws. This was in stark contrast to the British policy of Indirect Rule

The independence of the judiciary is a cornerstone of democratic governance. It means that judges and the judicial system are impartial and free from improper influence from other branches of government (executive and legislature), political parties, or private interests, allowing them to make decisions based solely on law and fact. Judges participating in politics (B) would compromise this.

In a parliamentary system, a vote of no confidence (or censure motion) indicates that the legislature no longer has confidence in the executive. If such a vote passes, it typically leads to the resignation of the entire cabinet (including the Prime Minister), or it may trigger a general election.

An autocracy is a system of government where one person holds absolute power.

1. Theocracy (B) is a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.
2. Democracy (C) is a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives.
3. Aristocracy (D) is a form of government in which power is held by the nobility.

The National Boundary Commission is a public body established to manage and resolve disputes that arise over the boundaries of states, local governments, and even international borders

The Civil Service Commission is the government body responsible for managing the personnel affairs of the civil service, including recruitment, promotions, transfers, and disciplinary actions.

Nigeria operates a three-tier federal system of government: the Federal Government (central), the State Governments, and the Local Governments.

The primary sources of international law, as recognized by the Statute of the International Court of Justice, include:

1. International conventions (treaties), whether general or particular.
2. International custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law.
3. The general principles of law recognized by civilized nations.

Judicial decisions (courts) and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. Option D provides the most comprehensive and accurate list, including customs, treaties (codified by authoritative bodies), and the role of courts (and the concept of universal jurisdiction).

While political parties may engage in increasing political awareness (A), formulating policies (B), and implementing programs (C) if they are in government, their fundamental and ultimate aim is to acquire and exercise political power (i.e., win elections and govern) in order to implement their agenda.

Population census figures in Nigeria have historically been highly contentious and politicized. Different regions and ethnic groups often believe that census figures are manipulated for political consideration, as population size directly impacts political representation (electoral districts) and resource allocation from the federal government.

Public corporations in Nigeria often face significant challenges due to excessive political interference, which can lead to inefficiency, mismanagement, and a lack of accountability

Nigeria's non-alignment policy was a deliberate foreign policy stance during the Cold War where the country chose not to formally align with either the capitalist Western Bloc led by the USA or the communist Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union

The Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of 56 independent and equal sovereign states, most of which were formerly part of the British Empire.

Their shared common colonial history under British rule is the primary historical and cultural bond that brings them together.

1. They do not have a uniform political system (B).
2. No common currency (C).
3. Necessarily a common language (D, though English is often used as a lingua franca).

The French colonial policy, particularly in West Africa, was characterized by the policy of assimilation. This policy aimed to integrate colonial subjects into French culture, language, and political systems, eventually granting them rights similar to French citizens if they adopted French ways.

The British, in contrast, largely favored a policy of indirect rule.

Herbert Macaulay is widely regarded as the founding father of Nigerian nationalism. He established the first political party in Nigeria, the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP), in 1923, and was a prominent critic of British colonial rule.