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In a democratic political system, the electorate (the body of qualified voters) is considered the ultimate source of political power and authority. Through elections, they delegate power to their representatives, making them the political sovereign.

The constitution (C) is the legal sovereign, representing the supreme law.

Political socialization is the process by which individuals acquire political attitudes, beliefs, values, and behaviors.

Political parties play a significant role as agents of socialization by articulating ideologies, mobilizing citizens, and shaping political discourse. Other agents include family, schools, media, and peer groups.

The Federal Character Commission (FCC) is specifically mandated to promote and enforce the "federal character" principle in public service appointments. This principle aims to ensure that appointments and promotions reflect the diversity of Nigeria's ethnic and geographical composition, preventing the dominance of any single ethnic group or region.

A fundamental characteristic of a monarchy is that the head of state (the monarch) inherits their position, typically through heredity (birthright), rather than being elected or appointed.

The National Boundary Commission is a public body established to manage and resolve disputes that arise over the boundaries of states, local governments, and even international borders

1. Nigeria is a prominent member of The Commonwealth of Nations (B) due to its historical ties to the British Empire.
2. Nigeria is a founding member and key player in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) (C) due to its significant oil production.
3. Nigeria is a leading member of the African Union (AU) (D), promoting African unity and cooperation.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (A) is a military alliance primarily composed of North American and European countries. Nigeria is not a member of NATO.

In a parliamentary system, a vote of no confidence (or censure motion) indicates that the legislature no longer has confidence in the executive. If such a vote passes, it typically leads to the resignation of the entire cabinet (including the Prime Minister), or it may trigger a general election.

The official title for the head of the Nigeria Defence Academy is the Commandant.

One of the significant problems of the civil service in Nigeria is its politicization and issues of corruption. The erosion of neutrality and professionalism due to political interference and corrupt practices has often hindered its effectiveness.

The primary sources of international law, as recognized by the Statute of the International Court of Justice, include:

1. International conventions (treaties), whether general or particular.
2. International custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law.
3. The general principles of law recognized by civilized nations.

Judicial decisions (courts) and the teachings of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law. Option D provides the most comprehensive and accurate list, including customs, treaties (codified by authoritative bodies), and the role of courts (and the concept of universal jurisdiction).

Public corporations in Nigeria often face significant challenges due to excessive political interference, which can lead to inefficiency, mismanagement, and a lack of accountability

This question re-states the fundamental conditions of statehood. The most widely accepted attributes are: a definite territory, a permanent population, an effective government, and sovereignty (the capacity to enter into relations with other states).

Options B, C, and D include elements that are either too specific (police, army, resources, custom) or not direct attributes in the same definitional sense.

Federalism is a system of government in which power is constitutionally divided between a central (federal) government and constituent political units (like states or provinces).

1. Unitary (B) systems centralize power.
2. Con-federal (A) systems have weak central governments and strong, independent units.
3. Oligarchic (D) refers to rule by a small group.

While political parties may engage in increasing political awareness (A), formulating policies (B), and implementing programs (C) if they are in government, their fundamental and ultimate aim is to acquire and exercise political power (i.e., win elections and govern) in order to implement their agenda.

The French colonial policy, particularly in West Africa, was characterized by the policy of assimilation. This policy aimed to integrate colonial subjects into French culture, language, and political systems, eventually granting them rights similar to French citizens if they adopted French ways.

The British, in contrast, largely favored a policy of indirect rule.

Foreign policy is a government's strategy in relating with other nations. It encompasses all the goals, decisions, and activities that guide a nation's relations with other countries and international organizations.

Public opinion, expressed through various channels such as media, surveys, protests, and general sentiment, is a key way that the needs, desires, and preferences of citizens are communicated to the government.

1. The judiciary (A) interprets laws.
2. Civil service (B) implements policies.
3. Political parties (C) aggregate interests but public opinion is the broader mechanism.

Totalitarianism is a form of government that seeks to control virtually all aspects of public and private life. This is characterized by an excessive centralization of power in the hands of a single dictator or a small ruling elite, with minimal individual freedom and widespread state control.

Pressure groups (also known as interest groups) are organizations that seek to influence government policies and decisions without actually seeking to hold political power themselves (unlike political parties). They represent specific interests and advocate for their causes.

Nigeria's non-alignment policy was a deliberate foreign policy stance during the Cold War where the country chose not to formally align with either the capitalist Western Bloc led by the USA or the communist Eastern Bloc led by the Soviet Union